EXPLORING THE GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR MULTIFACETED IMPACT ON BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION: A REVIEW PAPER

Abstract

Nanoparticles have attracted significant interest in recent years due to their distinctive characteristics and wide-ranging uses in different domains. Nanoparticle production using environmentally friendly technologies has become a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional chemical processes. This review comprehensively explores the various green synthesis techniques employed for the production of nanoparticles, including those utilizing plant extracts, microorganisms, enzymes, and agricultural waste. Additionally, the multifaceted impact of green-synthesized nanoparticles on biomedical and environmental applications is elucidated. In biomedicine, these eco-friendly nanoparticles exhibit promising potential in drug delivery, diagnostics, and targeted delivery capabilities. Furthermore, their applications in environmental remediation, including pollutant degradation, heavy metal ion removal, and wastewater treatment, highlight their significance in addressing contemporary environmental challenges. The review also discusses the key properties and mechanisms underlying the enhanced performance of green-synthesized nanoparticles in biomedical and environmental applications, emphasizing their sustainable nature and reduced environmental footprint. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives in the synthesis and utilization of green nanoparticles are critically examined, aiming to pave the way for the development of innovative and sustainable nanotechnologies.