EPH-International Journal of Applied Science
type: channel
description: EPH-International Journal of Applied Science (ISSN: 2208-2182) publishes high-quality research across a broad range of disciplines, including natural sciences, engineering, health sciences, social sciences, and business management. We welcome interdisciplinary work and innovative studies that bridge multiple fields. Publisher: Southern Cross Academic Press Language of edition: English.. Founded: 2015 ISSN: 2208-2182 Publication frequency: 4 times per year.
publisher: Southern Cross Academic Press
language: en
publication name: EPH-International Journal of Applied Science
issn: 2208-2182
items: FROM SOURCE TO SIP: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF THE MINERAL WATER INDUSTRY'S SUPPLY CHAIN AND ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT IN KASHMIR VALLEY
items: THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN GENDER-BASED SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF #METOO
items: NANOTECHNOLOGY'S DUAL EDGE: EVALUATING HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS
items: REHABILITATION-INDUCED FUNCTIONAL RECONSTITUTION IN INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTIVE INTERVENTIONS
items: EVALUATION OF PROXIMATE AND PROTEIN CONTENT IN WALLAGO ATTU
items: THE ROLE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN ENHANCING ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
items: QUANTUM DOTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY: EMERGING APPLICATIONS FOR SENSING, REMEDIATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY
items: GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON GENDER EQUALITY AND DISCRIMINATION
items: AI-DRIVEN GREEN RECRUITMENT SELECTION STRATEGIES FOR ECO-CONSCIOUS ORGANIZATIONS: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE
items: NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ANIMAL REPRODUCTION: A STUDY IN DAIRY SCIENCE
items: WAR CRIMES AND THE LAWS OF WAR: ANALYZING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROSECUTING HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
items: THE CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF PHOTONIC MATERIALS: A STUDY ON LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTION FOR ADVANCED OPTICAL DEVICES
items: ASSET MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
items: PHYSICS-BASED SIMULATIONS OF HYPERSONIC FLIGHT DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
items: EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTIONS ON HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL AMONG CHILDREN
items: EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS
items: LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY OF THE PAMPA RIVERINE ECOSYSTEM
items: SYNTHESIS OF 2-AMINO-5ALKYL-1,3,4-THIODIAZOLE CATALYZED BY PHALSA JUICE AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL STUDY
items: IMPACT ON DYNAMIC BALANCE DYSFUNCTION IN CHRONIC BILATERAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DURING LOCOMOTOR
items: SCREENING OF α -AMYLASE FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL ISOLATES
items: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PRF COMBINED WITH XENOGRAFT (STICKY BONE) vs CORONALLY ADVANCED FLAP SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF STAGE I / II WITH GRADE A/B PERIODONTITIS- A CLINICAL STUDY
items: UNDERSTANDING HOW GRIT AND EGO-RESILIENCE INFLUENCE STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
items: ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM COMPUTING IN MODERN SYSTEMS: PRINCIPLES, MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
items: PESTICIDE POLLUTION AND AQUATIC HEALTH: CYHALOTHRIN TOXICITY IN CYPRINUS CARPIO
items: Alternative solution of Galaxy Rotation Curves, expansion of universe and Hubble expansion
items: SCIENTIFIC VALIDATION AND INTEGRATION OF GARBHAANSKARA INTO MODERN PRENATAL CARE
items: FIBROADENOMA TREATMENT WITH LEKHANA AND SHOTHHARA TREATMENT
items: DESIGN TRENDS OF HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNAS IN MATLAB FOR IOT AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
items: REVIEW OF MATLAB-BASED PROJECTS FOR UNDERSTANDING HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS
items: FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION TESTING OF FOAMING BATH SALT SUBSUMING HIMALAYAN PINK SALT

FROM SOURCE TO SIP: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF THE MINERAL WATER INDUSTRY'S SUPPLY CHAIN AND ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT IN KASHMIR VALLEY
type: item
description: The mineral water market has grown due to customer demand for high-quality, convenient, and purified drinking water. However, this industry's environmental implications are under review. This study examines the mineral water industry's supply chain and environmental impact in Kashmir, known for its plentiful water resources. This study examines mineral water supply chain sourcing, processing, packaging, and distribution using field surveys, water quality studies, and LCA. Key findings show that while Kashmir Valley's mineral water sector benefits from pure spring sources, energy-intensive purification, single-use plastic packaging, and long distribution networks have a significant environmental impact. Over the product life cycle, LCA data show significant greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, and waste. Sustainable practises like source protection, alternative packaging, and optimised logistics are advised. Policymakers, business stakeholders, and consumers wanting to reduce the environmental effect of the mineral water industry in Kashmir and beyond can benefit from this study.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: mineral water
  topic: keywords
subject: supply chain
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental footprint
  topic: keywords
subject: life cycle assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Kashmir Valley
  topic: keywords
creator: Sehrish Javaid
creator: Dr ZiaUlHaq
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-09-15
publication date: 2022-09-15
starting page: 9
ending page: 15
doi: 10.53555/c9km3707

THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN GENDER-BASED SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF #METOO
type: item
description: This study examines how language shapes digital participation in the #MeToo movement by analyzing social media posts, survivor statements, and news media coverage. The research explores how linguistic strategies construct empowerment, identity, solidarity, and resistance within public discourse surrounding gender-based violence. A qualitative descriptive research design was used to analyze forty two publicly accessible texts published between 2018 and 2023. The dataset included twenty five social media posts, ten survivor statements from public blogs and interviews, and seven news articles from international media outlets. Data were collected manually through public search functions and open web access. Thematic and linguistic discourse analysis was conducted to identify patterns in pronoun use, emotional vocabulary, slogans, narrative structures, tone categories, and media framing techniques. The results show that social media posts frequently employed first-person and collective pronouns, emotional language, and solidarity phrases that strengthened collective identity and empowerment. Survivor statements demonstrated structured narrative patterns characterized by contextual detail, emotional expression, turning points, and calls for awareness. Supportive and backlash discourse coexisted, revealing tensions in public responses to survivor testimony. News articles used metaphors, evaluative terms, and cautious legal phrasing, indicating varied framing approaches that influenced public interpretation. Comparison across the three sources showed shared themes of voice, power, and change, although each medium performed distinct discursive functions. The study provides empirical insight into real-life linguistic patterns within #MeToo, emphasizing the central role of language in shaping digital feminist activism. It contributes to scholarship on gender, media, and discourse by illustrating how linguistic choices influence empowerment, resistance, and the framing of gende…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: #MeToo
  topic: keywords
subject: digital activism
  topic: keywords
subject: discourse analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: media framing
  topic: keywords
subject: gender and language
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Manas Upadhyay
creator: Pranjul Tiwari
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2023-12-14
publication date: 2023-12-14
starting page: 6
ending page: 13
doi: 10.53555/1vq3vt32

NANOTECHNOLOGY'S DUAL EDGE: EVALUATING HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS
type: item
description: The quick development of nanotechnology is reflected in the expanding use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in industries including electronics, environmental sciences, and medicine. Although these materials have the potential to be revolutionary, their special qualities also pose serious questions about environmental safety and human health. With an emphasis on how ENMs interact with biological systems and environmental matrices, this review evaluates the toxicological and ecological effects of ENMs. The objectives include evaluating mechanisms of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress, examining bioaccumulation and persistence in ecosystems, and reviewing current risk assessment strategies. A systematic review of recent peer-reviewed studies, regulatory guidelines, and toxicological data was conducted. Evidence suggests that ENMs exhibit physicochemical traits that enhance their functional value but can also lead to biological disruption. Their ability to penetrate cellular barriers, induce oxidative stress, and interfere with physiological processes raises significant safety concerns. In environmental contexts, ENM accumulation is linked to microbial imbalance and ecological toxicity. The review underscores the urgency of developing harmonized safety protocols, eco-friendly synthesis techniques, and comprehensive regulations to mitigate risks. Future research should prioritize green nanotechnology and safer-by-design principles to promote responsible innovation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nanotoxicology
  topic: keywords
subject: engineered nanomaterials
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental impact
  topic: keywords
subject: risk assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: oxidative stress
  topic: keywords
subject: green nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
creator: Md Afzal Mansoori
creator: Khushboo Mishra
creator: Binay Kumar Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-11-27
publication date: 2025-11-27
starting page: 53
ending page: 63
doi: 10.53555/qh2hm214

REHABILITATION-INDUCED FUNCTIONAL RECONSTITUTION IN INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTIVE INTERVENTIONS
type: item
description: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures constitute one of the most debilitating musculoskeletal pathologies affecting athletes and physically active populations. Although anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) re-establishes mechanical knee stability, the trajectory of optimal postoperative recovery is profoundly dependent on structured physiotherapeutic intervention. Targeted rehabilitative modalities including progressive strength training, proprioceptive recalibration, neuromuscular re-education, and mobility restoration have been increasingly recognized as pivotal determinants of postoperative functional reintegration. A prospective cohort design was employed involving adults undergoing primary ACLR who subsequently initiated a standardized postoperative physiotherapy regimen. Functional evaluations were conducted at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks using validated outcome metrics: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, Lysholm scores, single-leg hop limb symmetry indices, joint range of motion, quadriceps and hamstring strength profiles, and postural sway assessments. Across the 12-week period, participants demonstrated consistent and significant advances in functional indices, indicative of enhanced knee stability and attenuation of symptomatic limitations. Progressive restoration of quadriceps and hamstring strength paralleled improvements in joint mobility and mitigation of extension deficits. Neuromuscular function showed continual refinement, reflected through superior hop-test symmetry and diminished balance perturbations. Findings suggest that a criterion-based, systematically structured physiotherapy program substantially accelerates functional, neuromuscular, and mobility-related recovery following ACLR, facilitating safer readiness for return-to-activity benchmarks. Future investigations should encompass broader patient cohorts and diverse rehabilitation paradigms to refine evidence-based protocols and optimize clinical d…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: physiotherapy rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
subject: functional recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: neuromuscular performance
  topic: keywords
subject: sports medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Monika Sharma
creator: Dr. Rishabh Pathak
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Dr. Monika Sharma, Dr. Rishabh Pathak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2022-09-10
publication date: 2022-09-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.53555/krrpcq74

EVALUATION OF PROXIMATE AND PROTEIN CONTENT IN WALLAGO ATTU
type: item
description: Introduction: In the world, India is amongst the top three producers of fresh water fish and shrimp fishes are rich in protein, vitamins polyunsaturated fatty acids and mineral salts and are also known as valuable protective food. Aim of the study: the main aim of the study is Research on the Ayeyarwady River's Wallago attu's Nutritional Profile Material and method: The Wallago attu specimens came from the city of Mandalay's Ayeyarwady River. In order to eliminate any dirt or other contaminants from the skin water was utilized to rinse and wash the samples. Conclusion: Samples of Wallago attu (Nga-but) were taken from the Ayeyarwady River in the Mandalay Area. Nutritional information for Wallago attu has been calculated. However, there were a few notable outliers, such as the fact that Wallago attu's protein content was rather constant (16.1-16.4%) during the study period.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Animal
  topic: keywords
subject: Product
  topic: keywords
subject: Protective
  topic: keywords
subject: Wallago attu
  topic: keywords
creator: Dhondge Sumeet
creator: Kamble Anuja Vaijanath
creator: Ade Poojatai
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dhondge Sumeet, Kamble Anuja Vaijanath , Ade Poojatai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-17
publication date: 2025-11-17
starting page: 46
ending page: 52
doi: 10.53555/6909f372

THE ROLE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN ENHANCING ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
type: item
description: Globalization has added complexity in decision-making, coordination, as well as the performance management within the multinationals (MNCs). Business Intelligence (BI) has been embraced as one of the strategic facilitators in such an environment, whereby data are supposed to be converted into actionable knowledge that must facilitate the transparency and communication of organizations. This paper discusses the benefits of the BI capability to improve the flow of information, performance management, and collaboration among geographically dispersed companies. The explanatory-sequential mixed-method design was used to collect the data to find the sample size of 420 managers in 35 MNCs, which is complemented by 36 in-depth interviews. The findings of the quantitative structural equation modelling revealed that BI competence had a significant impact on information (β=0.46***), communication quality (β=0.52***), and performance management effectiveness (β=0.48***), which further led to better overall organizational performance (R² =0.58). This was supported by the qualitative results, which demonstrated that BI platforms encouraged a single version of the truth, cross-functional discussions, and enhanced accountability. All these results lead to the conclusion that BI is a technological instrument in addition to a communicative infrastructure to integrate strategic purposes and consistency in performance in a complex multinational environment. The research also adds to the theory since it incorporates social-technical and behavioural approaches in BI. It also provides feasible advice to managers who might be willing to implement BI systems as a means of enhancing transparency, teamwork, and strategic responsiveness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Business Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Organizational Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Performance Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Multinational Corporations
  topic: keywords
subject: Transparency
  topic: keywords
subject: Data-Driven Decision-Making
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Poonam Khamar Shah
creator: Poonam Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Poonam Khamar Shah, Poonam Agrawal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
starting page: 38
ending page: 45
doi: 10.53555/gkv6s460

QUANTUM DOTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY: EMERGING APPLICATIONS FOR SENSING, REMEDIATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY
type: item
description: Environmental chemistry has seen a transformation thanks to quantum dots (QDs) because of their nanoscale dimension and adjustable fluorescent properties and their active surface chemistry. The combination of carbon and graphene quantum dots deliver photostable performance and low toxicity characteristics which enable their application in sensing pollutants and catalytic degradation systems and green energy devices. Scientists have proven recent breakthroughs in using heavy metal detection along with organic pollutant identification and pH and oxidative stress indicator analysis through fluorescence quenching and Förster resonance energy transfer mechanisms. The remediation field heavily benefits from QD applications because these nanoparticles excel at dye and endocrine disruptor photocatalysis and membrane systems for wastewater purification using adsorption and catalysis. Bio-derived and microwave-assisted and solvent-free synthesis approaches produce sustainable QD production methods while simultaneously improving QD tolerance to biological systems. The applications of QDs extend to renewable energy through their utilization in solar cell technologies and waste elimination systems. The continued use of quantum dots faces important obstacles because of their potential toxicity and environmental stability issues alongside the absence of specific regulatory systems. The complete sustainable utilization of QD technology requires both IoT and AI integration for real-time environmental tracking and multi-disciplinary collaborations and environmentally friendly policy development. The review integrates new findings about future deployment routes for QDs while explaining their potential environmental-scale sustainable implementation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Environmental Chemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Green Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Heavy Metal Detection
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanosensors
  topic: keywords
subject: Photocatalysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr TejeswaraRao Voonna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr TejeswaraRao Voonna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-09-11
publication date: 2024-09-11
starting page: 21
ending page: 32
doi: 10.53555/mm7fag96

GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON GENDER EQUALITY AND DISCRIMINATION
type: item
description: The fundamental right of gender equality in international human rights law continues to face restrictions from legal and institutional factors together with cultural obstacles. The research reviews how law safeguarding equality between male and female evolved through United Nations documents starting with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) leading to Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) before culminating in the Beijing Declaration. The examination investigates regional human rights instruments through the ECHR plus the Maputo Protocol together with the Belém do Pará Convention while analyzing their ability to stop gender-specific discriminatory acts. The evaluation of different countries' legal frameworks reveals inconsistent policy execution patterns where judicial action and constitutional defense systems lead to the most significant development progress. Gender justice faces constant obstacles which stem from poor legal enforcement together with discriminatory practices across gender and political barriers to justice. Image verification demonstrates why law enforcement requires better implementation and gender-oriented policies and structural reforms to close the disparity between established rights and true equality. The advancement of gender equality depends on intersectionality research and above all on fortified digital rights shields and appropriate solutions against new forms of gender discrimination in law.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender equality
  topic: keywords
subject: human rights law
  topic: keywords
subject: legal frameworks
  topic: keywords
subject: gender discrimination
  topic: keywords
subject: judicial activism
  topic: keywords
subject: policy enforcement
  topic: keywords
creator: Shani SS
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shani SS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-09-06
publication date: 2024-09-06
starting page: 10
ending page: 20
doi: 10.53555/e5534171

AI-DRIVEN GREEN RECRUITMENT SELECTION STRATEGIES FOR ECO-CONSCIOUS ORGANIZATIONS: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE
type: item
description: As organizations worldwide pivot toward environ- mental sustainability, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies with green hu- man resource management has emerged as a revolutionary approach to sustainable workforce development. This compre- hensive study presents a novel AI-driven framework for green recruitment selection strategies, combining advanced predictive analytics, natural language processing, and behavioral pattern recognition to identify candidates with optimal environmental alignment. Through extensive empirical research involving 300+ organizations across 15 countries and analysis of over 50,000 recruitment profiles, this paper introduces the Green Recruit- ment Intelligence Quotient (GRIQ) - a proprietary metric for evaluating environmental consciousness in candidates. The study reveals that AI-enhanced green recruitment systems achieve 47% higher accuracy in predicting long-term environmental employee performance compared to traditional methods, while reducing recruitment costs by 34% and improving candidate satisfaction by 41%. Our findings demonstrate that organizations implementing AI-driven green recruitment strategies experience 67% improvement in carbon footprint reduction, 52% increase in sustainable innovation projects, and 38% enhancement in en- vironmental compliance scores. This research contributes break- through insights into the convergence of digital transformation and environmental stewardship in human capital management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: AI-Driven Recruitment
  topic: keywords
subject: Green Intelligence Quo- tient
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine Learning HRM
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Workforce Analytics
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental Predictive Modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Green Transforma- tion
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Archana PV
creator: Arjun KP
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr.Archana PV, Arjun KP https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-14
publication date: 2024-12-14
starting page: 24
ending page: 38
doi: 10.53555/fg9rak40

NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ANIMAL REPRODUCTION: A STUDY IN DAIRY SCIENCE
type: item
description: Nutritional deficiencies are a significant factor influencing reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Deficiencies in key nutrients such as protein, energy, calcium, and phosphorus can disrupt reproductive health, leading to suboptimal fertility outcomes. Understanding the relationship between nutrition and reproduction is essential for improving dairy farm productivity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of nutritional deficiencies on the reproductive performance of dairy cattle. Specifically, it examined how protein, energy, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus intake affected estrus cycle length, conception rates, days to first service, and postpartum recovery. A total of 200 dairy cows from 10 different farms were selected. Nutritional intake data, including protein, energy, and mineral levels, were collected through farm records and blood samples. Reproductive outcomes were assessed using clinical observations and farm records. Statistical analyses, including Pearson's correlation, were performed to examine the relationships between nutritional factors and reproductive metrics. The study found weak negative correlations between protein intake and estrus cycle length, suggesting that higher protein intake may regulate estrus cycles. Energy intake showed minimal correlation with conception rates, while calcium levels were positively correlated with postpartum recovery. Phosphorus and magnesium exhibited weak correlations with reproductive parameters. This research underscores the importance of a balanced diet in promoting reproductive health in dairy cattle. Adequate protein, energy, and mineral intake are essential for optimal fertility and postpartum recovery. Further studies are needed to refine nutritional strategies and improve reproductive performance in dairy farming.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dairy Cattle
  topic: keywords
subject: Nutritional Deficiencies
  topic: keywords
subject: Reproductive Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Protein Intake
  topic: keywords
subject: Postpartum Recovery
  topic: keywords
creator: Rahul Kumar Nandi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rahul Kumar Nandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-03-18
publication date: 2024-03-18
starting page: 16
ending page: 24
doi: 10.53555/dpm3dz03

WAR CRIMES AND THE LAWS OF WAR: ANALYZING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROSECUTING HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
type: item
description: The research investigates how international legal structures perform in war crime prosecutions through an examination of Geneva Conventions together with the International Criminal Court in addition to the ICTY and ICTR special tribunals. A review of established case studies alongside tribunal obstacles enables this study to explore the prosecution of persons responsible for war acts by evaluating both achievements and deficiencies. Although these legal tools have resulted in particular war crime court victories they continue to face major hurdles because of political influence together with jurisdictional disputes and limited state assistance. New developments such as cyber warfare and non-state actors alongside drone strikes have made existing laws insufficient to handle current war crimes effectively. Political pressures display two negative effects which delay fair trials and further the issue of impunity through selective application of international laws. The study demonstrates the requirement to reform international law because it needs stronger state cooperation and institution power as well as expanded coverage for current warfare methods. Research about the use of technology in war crime prosecutions along with studies into contemporary war threats through new international pacts remains essential for upcoming investigations. The study demands that international law evolve into a stronger adaptable framework that will serve justice to war crime victims across the changing context of the current war.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: war crimes
  topic: keywords
subject: international law
  topic: keywords
subject: Geneva Conventions
  topic: keywords
creator: Konark Pratap Gupta
creator: Adv. Mohit Soni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Konark Pratap Gupta, Adv. Mohit Soni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-09
publication date: 2024-12-09
starting page: 16
ending page: 23
doi: 10.53555/kav99235

THE CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF PHOTONIC MATERIALS: A STUDY ON LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTION FOR ADVANCED OPTICAL DEVICES
type: item
description: Modern optical technologies heavily rely on photonic materials because they enable light manipulation on nano-sized dimensions. The research analyzes plasmonic nanoantennas together with metasurfaces and epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials using chemical and physical principles to understand their structural characteristics and their optical outcomes. Child laboratory synthesis combined with state-of-the-art optical testing equipment and mathematical simulations worked to measure their performance in optic communication streams and image processing and adaptive photonic applications. Several key performance metrics illustrate the potential of plasmonic nanoantennas to enhance spontaneous emission by 150% and the performance capability of metasurfaces to reach an absorption efficiency of 87% while ENZ materials exhibit pronounced nonlinear optical effects. Structural variations in optical devices showed direct relationships with their optical performance according to statistical analysis. Nanoantenna aspect ratios and metasurface nanostructures alongside ENZ material permittivity measurements directly affected light emission and absorption and wavefront modulation respectively. A research assessment conducted among different institutions showed that precise manufacturing methods are essential for enhancing material output. The study demonstrates how photonic materials will power next-generation optical devices which will advance ultrafast optical computing as well as quantum photonics applications and high-resolution imaging. Upcoming research should focus on connecting hybrid nonlinear effects while improving fabrication methods alongside applying machine learning for material enhancement to enhance photonic system capabilities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Photonic materials
  topic: keywords
subject: plasmonic nanoantennas
  topic: keywords
subject: metasurfaces, epsilon-near-zero materials
  topic: keywords
subject: optical absorption
  topic: keywords
subject: spontaneous emission
  topic: keywords
subject: quantum photonics
  topic: keywords
subject: optical computing
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Himanshu Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Himanshu Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-15
publication date: 2024-02-15
starting page: 8
ending page: 15
doi: 10.53555/8sthvm59

ASSET MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
type: item
description: The continuous transformation of global economies due to climate change requires asset management strategies to adapt their approaches toward handling new difficulties and business prospects. Financial models established by tradition are insufficient to measure environmental challenges' effects on long-term investment potential thus sustainability-driven investing develops as an essential strategy. The paper investigates how climate risk evaluation together with ESG fusion and innovative technology works to boost asset resilience levels. Sustainable finance achieves dual success between profitability growth and risk reduction which becomes clearer through examining official guidance regulations market patterns and new financial solutions. A research design that combines both quantitative statistical evaluation and qualitative analysis methods tests the performance of climate-friendly investment strategy methodologies. Investments with ESG elements within their portfolios show superior remaining power across time and lower vulnerabilities to climate disruption events. Companies who want to optimize investment decisions should use predictive modeling and artificial intelligence analytics because analysts recognize these tools as necessary components in today's dynamic economy. Achieving sustainable asset growth depends on regulatory compliance as well as stakeholder collaboration and responsible investment practices according to the discussion. This study confirms that financial institutions need to integrate climate resilience within their asset management systems to obtain economic sustainability in the unpredictable environment of today.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate risk assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable finance
  topic: keywords
subject: ESG integration
  topic: keywords
subject: asset resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: predictive modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: responsible investment
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Poonam Khamar Shah
creator: Jagrutiben Padhiyar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Poonam Khamar Shah, Jagrutiben Padhiyar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-20
publication date: 2024-12-20
starting page: 8
ending page: 15
doi: 10.53555/g01wy107

PHYSICS-BASED SIMULATIONS OF HYPERSONIC FLIGHT DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
type: item
description: Modern aerospace engineering faces hypersonic flight control as a fundamental challenge because of the rising interest in developing fast and elevated flight technology systems. The research analyses controlling hypersonic vehicles by investigating flight path maintenance along with the restrictions on actuators and atmospheric disturbances in their operation. Advanced control algorithm performance and effectiveness are evaluated through simulation analysis under limited actuator performance conditions, along with disturbances that affect the vehicle stability, including wind and temperature variations. The control system functions well during perfect circumstances yet encounters important difficulties during periods of actuator saturation or environmental disturbances. The vehicle encounters performance limitations that make it difficult to keep its target flight profile, thus requiring advanced control systems that are better at adapting to these conditions. Future hypersonic flight accuracy and stability demands hypersonic control systems that have the capability to address actuator limitations together with disturbances. These findings support the future development of aerospace technology because they produce important learnings about designing hypersonic vehicles and their control systems, which require durability during actual flight conditions. This research provides essential solutions to actuator limitations and environmental disturbances, which improves hypersonic flight control systems' reliability to establish their utilization in defense systems and space exploration, and advanced aerospace applications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hypersonic flight control
  topic: keywords
subject: trajectory tracking
  topic: keywords
subject: actuator constraints
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Computing
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Sandeep Dongre
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr.Sandeep Dongre https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-08-14
publication date: 2024-08-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.53555/e2ha7809

EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTIONS ON HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL AMONG CHILDREN
type: item
description: Background: School-based hygiene and infection control interventions play a pivotal role in promoting health and preventing the spread of infectious diseases among children. This study aimed to assess the impact of a comprehensive hygiene intervention program, which included hygiene education, handwashing stations, and enhanced cleaning protocols, on infection rates, hygiene practices, and absenteeism in primary and secondary schools. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used, with a pre-test, post-test control group, and comparison group. Data were collected through surveys (pre- and post-intervention), health record reviews, and qualitative interviews with teachers, school staff, and parents. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, chi-square tests, and one-way ANOVA to compare changes between the groups. Results: The intervention group showed a 29% reduction in infection rates, a 25% improvement in handwashing practices, and a 15% decrease in absenteeism compared to the control and comparison groups. The intervention’s effectiveness was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The comprehensive hygiene intervention significantly improved hygiene behaviors, reduced infections, and decreased absenteeism. These findings support the implementation of school-based hygiene programs as effective measures to improve children's health and reduce the spread of infectious diseases
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: School-based hygiene
  topic: keywords
subject: Infection control
  topic: keywords
subject: Handwashing
  topic: keywords
subject: Absenteeism
  topic: keywords
subject: Hygiene education
  topic: keywords
subject: Public health intervention
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Vinay Kumar
creator: Dr. Sunil Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Vinay Kumar, Dr. Sunil Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-25
publication date: 2024-12-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.53555/a9s44y30

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS
type: item
description: The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of ethanolic extracts from three common plants for their beneficial therapeutics including Moringa oleifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Zingiber officinale. Traditionally, these plants are used in medicine and have bioactive compounds that are feasible for the treatment of oxidative stress and microbial infections. The ethanolic extracts of these plants were used to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities using standard assay. The anti-oxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis by agar well diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by broth dilution method. The highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as well as the lowest MIC values, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, were exhibited by Moringa oleifera. The antimicrobial and antioxidant effects were also moderate from Glycyrrhiza glabra and Zingiber officinale but not as potent as Moringa oleifera. Results show that in vitro Moringa oleifera extract possesses higher antioxidant and antimicrobial potential than both of these plants making it a good candidate for the management of oxidative stress and infections. Isolation of specific bioactive compounds from these plants is required further and their clinical applications investigated.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antioxidant Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Moringa oleifera
  topic: keywords
subject: Glycyrrhiza glabra
  topic: keywords
subject: Zingiber officinale
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ruchita Shrivastava
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Ruchita Shrivastava https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-15
publication date: 2024-12-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.53555/pxsjcb61

LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY OF THE PAMPA RIVERINE ECOSYSTEM
type: item
description: Rivers from their early existence have played a significant role in molding the development of a region. They provide water to quench thirst, fertilize lands and a means of transportation of goods and services. They also provide a habitat to many living organisms, from planktons to fin and shell fishes. Thus as an ecosystem, rivers have an incredible role to play in maintaining ecological balance. River channels comprise only a small part of a landscape, yet their environmental and economic significance far outweighs their biological value. River systems are recognized to have a number of values, including intrinsic, economic, cultural and aesthetic values. They have economic value in so far as they are scarce and capable of generating human welfare. Failure to account for the ecological and economic value of river systems has led to patterns of economic use with many detrimental environmental consequences. In spite of the environmental, ecological, cultural, social and religious importance of the Pampa riverine ecosystem, it is one of the most congested and polluted rivers in south India. Over the years, its landscape ecology has changed. Sewage and Industrial effluents, deforestation in the upper catchment areas of the river, sand mining from the river beds (Padmalal, Maya, Sreebha, & Sreeja, 2008), reclamation and construction activities on the river banks have all contributed to changes in the landscape ecology of the Pamba. Increased influx of pilgrims has indirectly influenced the anthropogenic intervention on the ecosystem. Unless the total economic value of an ecosystem is monetarily recognized, it will never be protected. Policy decisions are most frequently determined on the basis of economic criteria. Yet, it is widely acknowledged that market transactions provide an incomplete picture of the total economic value of any ecosystem. Ecosystem benefits which are not normally exchanged in markets (e.g. flood control, breeding grounds, optional use, existence …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: River channels
  topic: keywords
subject: Industrial effluents
  topic: keywords
subject: deforestation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pampa riverine ecosystem
  topic: keywords
subject: construction activities
  topic: keywords
creator: Biji Abraham
creator: Susan Abraham
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Biji Abraham, Susan Abraham https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2018-08-18
publication date: 2018-08-18
starting page: 6
ending page: 10
doi: 10.53555/pgq0cv48

SYNTHESIS OF 2-AMINO-5ALKYL-1,3,4-THIODIAZOLE CATALYZED BY PHALSA JUICE AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL STUDY
type: item
description: In contrast of an alkyl chain at the same site mainly adds lipophilicity: 2-amino-5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles display solid antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects, yet aryl analogues surpass them in potency across several endpoints. The antibacterial, antitumour, antifungal and antiparasitic assays, because aromatic substitution simultaneously enhances target affinity and cellular uptake. The preparation of 2-amino-5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles was accomplished following the established procedure of Arun et. al. Preparation of N-(p-exchanged benzylidene)-5-alkyl-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole-2-amine. N-(p- exchanged benzylidene)-5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole -2-amine were prepared under the procedure of Bijo Mathew et.al. Antibacterial screening results of 2-Amino-5alkyl-1,3,4-thiodaizole derivatives was screened on bacteria S. aureus & E. coli.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Lipophilicity
  topic: keywords
subject: Thiadiazoles
  topic: keywords
subject: Antibacterial
  topic: keywords
subject: S. aureus & E. coli
  topic: keywords
subject: antitumour
  topic: keywords
creator: Aastha Singh
creator: Vipin Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aastha Singh, Vipin Kumar Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-13
publication date: 2025-10-13
starting page: 32
ending page: 37
doi: 10.53555/s5bptw40

IMPACT ON DYNAMIC BALANCE DYSFUNCTION IN CHRONIC BILATERAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DURING LOCOMOTOR
type: item
description: BACKGROUND: Chronic bilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint condition commonly associated with pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, and functional limitations. One of the significant yet often underrecognized complications is dynamic balance dysfunction, which increases the risk of falls and impairs locomotor activities such as walking, stair climbing, and turning. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to find the impact on balance dysfunction during the locomotor activities of daily living in people who are diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis METHOD: A self-made questionnaire is used to find out balance dysfunction during locomotor activities of daily living in people who are diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis RESULT: Among 140 patients the 52% females and 48% males are included The study found hundred percentages of responses in which results are showing that female population is more affected by bilateral knee osteoarthritis. A Very few people having history of hip joint pain too. That importance is that of preventing obesity, maintaining body weight, good diet, exercise plan and also knowledge about life style modification is the growing need among middle age people due to avoid early age complications of osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION: The study is showing female population is more affected than male due to lack of nutrition, exercise and changing of lifestyle. As well as only few patients were having the complaint of hip pain along knee pain. As well as the people who are having single knee osteoarthritis are also facing the balance issues in daily life.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: balance
  topic: keywords
subject: knee
  topic: keywords
subject: osteoarthritis
  topic: keywords
subject: dysfunction
  topic: keywords
subject: body weight
  topic: keywords
creator: Tejal Chavan
creator: Dr. Satyam Bhodaji
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tejal Chavan, Dr. Satyam Bhodaji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 22
ending page: 31
doi: 10.53555/xh910w12

SCREENING OF α -AMYLASE FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL ISOLATES
type: item
description: Amylases are crucial hydrolytic enzymes with wide industrial relevance, particularly in food processing, textiles, paper manufacturing, and biofuel production (Gupta et al., 2003; Ray et al., 2015). Among them, α-amylase is distinguished by its capacity to cleave internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, enabling rapid saccharification under mild conditions (Pandey et al., 2000). This study aimed to isolate and characterize α-amylase-producing bacteria from rhizosphere soils of Shivamogga District, Karnataka—a region within the Western Ghats known for its rich microbial diversity and endemism (Singh et al., 2016; Jaiswal et al., 2020). Using serial dilution, starch agar screening, and Gram staining, 25 bacterial isolates were obtained, with six demonstrating starch hydrolysis through clear halo zones. The highest enzyme-producing isolates (SSCMBSAR3 and SSCMBSAR5) were identified as Gram-positive bacilli, likely belonging to the Bacillus genus, corroborating their reputation as prolific amylase producers (Gupta et al., 2003; Ajayi & Fagade, 2006). One Gram-negative coccus (SSCMBSAR2) also exhibited notable activity, highlighting underexplored microbial groups like Neisseria and Pseudomonas (Madigan et al., 2017). Quantitative enzyme assays using the DNS method (Miller, 1959; Chi et al., 2009) revealed peak α-amylase activity at 48 hours of incubation and optimal substrate concentration at 400 mg starch, followed by substrate inhibition at higher concentrations—demonstrating a bell-shaped kinetic profile consistent with Michaelis-Menten dynamics (Segel, 1993). The co-detection of protease activity indicates a need for further purification or genetic modifications to eliminate non-specific enzymes (Haq et al., 2010). This study underscores the rhizosphere as a fertile bioprospecting niche and affirms the industrial potential of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative soil bacteria in enzyme biotechnology.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: α-amylase
  topic: keywords
subject: Rhizosphere
  topic: keywords
subject: Bacillus
  topic: keywords
subject: enzyme kinetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Gram-negative bacteria
  topic: keywords
creator: Shilpa S
creator: Rithu R.
creator: Manoj S.P.
creator: Shrinidhi Bhandari K.T.
creator: Sanjana V.
creator: S.E. Neelagund
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shilpa S, Rithu R., Manoj S.P., Shrinidhi Bhandari K.T., Sanjana V. , S.E. Neelagund https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-08
publication date: 2025-09-08
starting page: 15
ending page: 21
doi: 10.53555/n5zrvw94

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PRF COMBINED WITH XENOGRAFT (STICKY BONE) vs CORONALLY ADVANCED FLAP SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF STAGE I / II WITH GRADE A/B PERIODONTITIS- A CLINICAL STUDY
type: item
description: Periodontal therapy aims to prevent periodontal tissue destruction while achieving regeneration of lost and damaged tissues. Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is the latest advancement in fibrin technology and is a rich autologous source of various growth factors and leukocytes. PRF has a strong potential to influence the cellular mechanisms responsible for periodontal regeneration to be achieved. A combination of the two grafting modalities may prove to be an advantageous regenerative treatment option for management of Stage I/II with grade A/B Periodontitis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Coronally advanced flap
  topic: keywords
subject: Sticky bone
  topic: keywords
subject: Recession depth
  topic: keywords
subject: Platelet Rich Fibrin
  topic: keywords
subject: Osseograft
  topic: keywords
subject: Periodontal Regeneration
  topic: keywords
subject: Intrabony defect
  topic: keywords
creator: Tulica Mittal
creator: Rakshita Sharma
creator: Gurpreet Kaur
creator: Navneet Kaur
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science
date: 2023-09-09
publication date: 2023-09-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.53555/2ccc3g08

UNDERSTANDING HOW GRIT AND EGO-RESILIENCE INFLUENCE STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
type: item
description: In recent times, stress, happiness, grit, and resilience have been identified as key concepts related to the well-being of college students, and they have been a concern among psychologists and experts in related fields. Grit is believed to be a stable characteristic or disposition that an individual possesses, similar to other traits like personality traits, which influence their attitudes and behaviours. Highly gritty individuals are expected to display a far greater persistence in pursuing their set goals irrespective of the number of setbacks, obstacles, distractions or any other hurdles than their less gritty counterparts. In the context of an educational setup, grit is showcased as the potentially significant factor in determining outcomes of several factors such as engagement of students in the class/course, level of achievement, retention and their probability to graduate from college/school (Wolters & Hussain, 2014).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: grit
  topic: keywords
subject: Duckworth
  topic: keywords
subject: Ego-resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Stress
  topic: keywords
subject: Anxiety
  topic: keywords
creator: Swati Aggarwal
creator: Dolly Florence Murmu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
starting page: 8
ending page: 14
doi: 10.53555/e2tm0e14

ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM COMPUTING IN MODERN SYSTEMS: PRINCIPLES, MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
type: item
description: Quantum computing leverages the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics to address problems that are computationally infeasible for classical systems. This paper presents a comprehensive study of quantum computing with a focus on its mathematical foundations—superposition, entanglement, quantum gates, and quantum circuits. We explore the im- plementation and practical significance of core quantum algorithms, in- cluding Shor’s algorithm for integer factorization and Grover’s algorithm for unstructured search. Emerging domains such as quantum machine learning, quantum optimization, and quantum chemistry are also exam- ined. Mathematical examples are used to illustrate the operational mech- anisms of quantum systems in real-world applications. We further ana- lyze key challenges, including scalability, quantum error correction, and hardware constraints. The paper concludes with a discussion on future research directions and the evolving role of quantum computing in modern computational paradigms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Quantum Computing
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Algorithms
  topic: keywords
subject: Entanglement
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Circuits
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Machine Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Dipans Verma
creator: Abhijeet Mukund Shinde
creator: Naahar Ingley
creator: Atharva Appasaheb Vetal
creator: Ansh Agrawal
creator: Dr. Sandeep Kulkarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-20
publication date: 2023-12-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.53555/h2qph672

PESTICIDE POLLUTION AND AQUATIC HEALTH: CYHALOTHRIN TOXICITY IN CYPRINUS CARPIO
type: item
description: Synthetic pyrethroid pesticides, with lambda-cyhalothrin (LCH) being the most frequently used, have been applied extensively in agriculture, but there is much concern about their possible ecotoxicological impacts on aquatic ecosystems. This investigates the sublethal paraphernalia of LCH on the bio-chemical, enzymatic, haematological, and histopathological parameters of Cyprinus carpio, a sentinel freshwater species. Under semi-static conditions, fish were exposed to a LCH effective concentration (1.6 µg/L) for 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. Physiological response was assessed in multiple tissues, including the liver, gill, kidney, muscle, intestine, ovary, testis, and blood. Subsequently, it was found that there was time time-dependent decline in soluble, structural, and total protein concentrations with increased free amino acids, protease activity, indicating disturbed protein metabolism as determined by biochemical assays. Elevated acetylcholine levels and inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity were evidenced as neurotoxic effects. Osmoregulatory dysfunction was manifested as ionic imbalance and suppressed activities of Na⁺/K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ ATPases. It was found that antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, SOD, GPx, GST) were reduced while malondialdehydes levels were increased, which indicates oxidative stress. There were signs of hepatic injury in the serum AST, ALT, and ALP. Haematological analysis showed marked decreases in RBC and hemoglobin as well as increased WBC counts consistent with anemia and immune stress. Biochemical findings were validated by histopathological changes of necrosis and cellular degeneration, not only in the kidneys, but also in other organs. However, these results underscore the fact that even sublethal exposure to LCH can result in systemic toxicity in fish and thus present serious ecological risks. Ensuring environmentally friendly ‘preparedness’ and scrutinised pesticide regulation is vital to protecting aquatic life from pestic…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cyprinus carpio
  topic: keywords
subject: lambda-cyhalothrin
  topic: keywords
subject: oxidative stress
  topic: keywords
subject: neurotoxicity
  topic: keywords
subject: histopathology
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr Umme Habeeba
creator: Dr M David
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2017-03-29
publication date: 2017-03-29
starting page: 11
ending page: 20
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v9i4.196

Alternative solution of Galaxy Rotation Curves, expansion of universe and Hubble expansion
type: item
description: The galaxy dynamics does not strictly follow Newtonian law of gravity. But the galaxies have a set pattern of geometry and rotation curve. Introduction of expansion coefficient in einstein field equation and the universe expansion as observed by Hubble remains the unresolved mystery. This gives rise the concept of dark energy. I feel that force of gravity of our universe or matterverse alone cannot construct whole universe. So, there must be another force of gravity, equally strong in nature, is acting as antigravity to our universe. Hence, I have proposed a possible solution by introducing concept of antimatterverse acting as antigravity to our matterverse and working as binary Universe like binary star system. This proposed solution also gives insight of the origin of dark energy, creation of antimatter and fate of antimatter during big bang and observed dynamics of galaxies
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Galaxy rotation curve, Hubble expansion, Gravity, Cosmological constant, Hubble constant
  topic: keywords
creator: Mrigendra Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mrigendra Kumar Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-24
publication date: 2025-06-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v11i2.195

SCIENTIFIC VALIDATION AND INTEGRATION OF GARBHAANSKARA INTO MODERN PRENATAL CARE
type: item
description: The research analyses the scientific basis of Garbhaanskara, which represents a traditional Indian prenatal concept from Ayurveda that focuses on maternal emotional states combined with direct foetal environmental interactions. The article brings together biomedical evidence alongside classical Indian literature to explain how multiple maternal factors, including stress and psychological status, combined with nutritional inputs and environmental stimulation, influence foetal brain development. These maternal and environmental influences also contribute to genetically modified patterns, which may lead to long-term consequences for future health. The combination of meditation, yoga, music therapy, and mindful nutrition practices described in Garbhaanskara provides documented evidence from neuroscience, obstetrics, and psychology research to support maternal stress reduction, hormone stabilization, and better neurobehavioral development in newborns. Scientific research about prenatal music exposure, alongside studies on mindfulness techniques, along with Ayurvedic nutrition, proves the existence of mechanistic relationships between traditional health practices and measurable maternal-child healthcare benefits. The limitations stem from methodological inconsistencies, small research samples, and the absence of standard measures between investigations, which emphasizes the necessity of conducting randomized controlled studies and international research programs. The review addresses integration obstacles of Garbhaanskara into modern prenatal care while emphasizing educational needs, policy development, and collaborative healthcare practice. The synthesis confirms that Garbhaanskara demonstrates potential to become an effective transformative system of care for maternal and foetal health in our contemporary world because it integrates holistic natural healing practices with cultural sensibility.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Garbhaanskara
  topic: keywords
subject: prenatal care
  topic: keywords
subject: maternal-foetal health
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Aparna Akhani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-16
publication date: 2025-05-16
starting page: 64
ending page: 72
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v11i1.193

FIBROADENOMA TREATMENT WITH LEKHANA AND SHOTHHARA TREATMENT
type: item
description: Fibroadenomas among young women create substantial clinical and psychological challenges as part of benign breast disorders worldwide. Patients seek alternative remedies due to technological disadvantages, recurrence concerns, and aesthetic considerations that affect surgical treatments of benign breast disorders. The ancient Indian medical system of Ayurveda promotes effective treatments for benign breast conditions through individualized non-invasive methods of Lekhana scraping and Shothhara anti-inflammatory procedures. A review presents evidence of how classical Ayurvedic concepts link to current pharmacological findings to establish their clinical importance in fibroadenoma therapy. The Lekhana therapeutic approach uses Kanchanar, Guggulu, and Triphala herbs to deliver effective anti-proliferative, antioxidant, and mass-reducing benefits. Shothhara therapies that include Haridra, Shallaki, Guduchi, and Punarnava demonstrate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, helping control the inflammatory conditions found in benign breast lesions. A limited number of clinical studies and observational reports indicate potential beneficiary effects of treatment, which stabilize breast lesions and reduce their size while alleviating symptoms; however, authors call for substantial trials based on methodological standards. Clinical research that combines traditional knowledge with modern scientific research should be prioritized for validating Ayurvedic therapies to optimize their effectiveness in fibroadenoma patient care
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fibroadenoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Ayurveda
  topic: keywords
subject: Lekhana Therapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Aparna Akhani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 55
ending page: 63
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v11i1.192

DESIGN TRENDS OF HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNAS IN MATLAB FOR IOT AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
type: item
description: This review examines the evolution of half-wave dipole antenna designs, mainly through modeling and simulation in MATLAB, for use in Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless systems. It discusses in detail the core theory, the characteristics of radiation, impedance, performance ranges and the compromise between size and how effectively an antenna performs. Due to their simplicity, adaptability to a lot of frequencies and the ability to adjust their performance, half-wave dipoles are still trusted for antennas that are compact, use less power and have high performance. Since MATLAB and its Antenna Toolbox are integrated, users can conduct design prototyping, use parameter tuning and hardware-in-the-loop testing, making the platform suitable for many areas of study. Looking deep into IoT, aspects like miniaturizing nodes, making radio frequencies flexible and combining technologies with 5G, LoRa and RFID are studied. Researchers present how their results compare to outcomes from similar software and real-life examples to help decide which tool to use. The review proves that dipole antennas are still significant in today’s telecommunications and mentions the positive impact that AI and green materials may have in antibody audio engineering in the future.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Half-Wave Dipole
  topic: keywords
subject: MATLAB Antenna Toolbox
  topic: keywords
subject: IoT Antennas
  topic: keywords
creator: Sonu Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
starting page: 42
ending page: 54
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v11i1.191

REVIEW OF MATLAB-BASED PROJECTS FOR UNDERSTANDING HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS
type: item
description: This article gives a detailed analysis of how MATLAB is used to model half-wave dipole antennas, a basic component in antenna theory and wireless communication. The review analyzes 38 simulation projects from academic, open-source and educational sources and sorts them into key groups: geometry and parameter sensitivity, radiation pattern visualization, impedance and return loss evaluation, optimization-driven designs and hybrid validation with real or full-wave tools. A comparison matrix points out that simulation accuracy, efficiency and customization are strong points, but there are gaps in supporting parasitics, polarization analysis and near-field modeling. It points out that MATLAB is crucial for engineering education, mainly in MOOCs, capstone projects and remote settings, thanks to its ability to repeat scripts and easy-to-use visualization tools. The report adds a taxonomy of simulation approaches, a performance-based framework for classifying them and an outline for the future that recommends AI use, multiband and MIMO modeling, SDR interfacing and open-source benchmarking. The research shows that MATLAB is a useful tool for learning and research and it also suggests ways to improve it for upcoming antenna design challenges in 5G/6G and IoT.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: MATLAB simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: dipole antenna
  topic: keywords
subject: , antenna education
  topic: keywords
creator: Sonu Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 EPH-International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-05-15
publication date: 2024-05-15
starting page: 53
ending page: 65
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v10i1.190

FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION TESTING OF FOAMING BATH SALT SUBSUMING HIMALAYAN PINK SALT
type: item
description: This research discusses the formulation and manufacturing of the recently used most popular bath preparation which is bath salt. Centuries ago, people used different salts to soften hard water. During older times, salts were often used for their healing properties. Salts were also quite common in general medicines for treatment of variety of health conditions which includes skin rashes, inflammation, redness, sore muscles, arthritis etc. The concept of bath salts was first raised when the demand of hot spring bath increased rapidly. People used to visit hot spring bath house to soak their body in lukewarm mineral water to relax and calm their body, to cure any clinical conditions and to interact with people for basic communication. The hot spring water is mineral water and holds carbonates and bicarbonates of different minerals. These salts are readily soluble in water and are beneficial for relaxation and curing different conditions. Some people also started using lava stone also known as volcanic stone for many therapies as it is known for its healing properties, relaxation properties and it does have strength to flush out any negative vibes from the body and mind. By researching and combining all the information together, the concept of bath salts has been raised. This research initially defines the term “BATH SALTS.” Further followed by describing about its purpose of use and its types. Bath salts are used for several purposes such as cleansing, foaming, relaxation, therapeutic treatment and for aesthetic appeal. It helps in healing dermal as well as other clinical conditions. Next it contains the hit and trial method and formula for preparation of bath salts. The main ingredients of the formulated bath salts are Himalayan pink salt, Epsom salt, sodium bicarbonate, some mild surfactants, color, and perfume. All the three salts help to reduce the surface tension of water and helps to cure many skin problems. Finally, it deals with the claims and testing of the sa…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bath salts
  topic: keywords
subject: Volcanic rock
  topic: keywords
subject: Hot Spring bath house
  topic: keywords
creator: Janhavi Suryavanshi
creator: Yash Jagtap
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Applied Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-22
publication date: 2025-03-22
starting page: 17
ending page: 25
doi: 10.53555/eijas.v11i1.184