EFFICACY OF CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS (DC) STAPF AND AZARIRACTHA INDICA L PLANT EXTRACTS IN VITRO AND IN THE CONTROL OF ARTIFICIAL INFESTED SOIL BY RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM IN WEST BURKINA FASO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/eijas.v7i1.70Keywords:
Solanum Lycopersicum, Ralstonia solanacearum, soil disinfestation, plant extracts, Burkina Faso.Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the soil-borne pathogens that affect tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) production. In response to its damage, farmers mainly use synthetic chemicals products that are harmful to the environment, the users and the consumers. In order to reduce chemical product use, the alternative control methods based on plant extracts are developed to control R. solanacearum on tomatoes. The objective of this study is to build effective control methods against R. solanacearum the agent of tomatoes wilt. For that, we first tested the efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus and Azadirachta indica extracts on the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro using the method base on poisoned media. Our second activity was to disinfest soil contaminated by R. solanacearum in green house by incorporating some quantity of citronella or neem almond in soil infested by R solanacearum. On poisoned media, we shown that both plants have reducing effect on the development of R solanacearum when compared with the control. The incorporation of C. citratus (15%, 20% and 30%) and A. indica (4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% and 10%) powders inhibited the survival of the bacterium in the artificially infested substrate 70 days after treatment. This study confirms the hypothesis that plant extracts of C. citratus and A. indica can be used as an effective method to control Ralstonia solanacearum on tomatoes.
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